rvm 安装 Ruby 1.9.3时错误： compiler cannot create executables
rvm install 1.9.3
报错
Installing yaml to /Users/Camel/.rvm/usr ruby-1.9.3-p0 - #configuring ERROR: Error running ' ./configure --prefix=/Users/Camel/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0 --enable-shared --disable-install-doc --with-libyaml-dir=/Users/Camel/.rvm/usr ', please read /Users/Camel/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p0/configure.log ERROR: There has been an error while running configure. Halting the installation.
解法
rvm install 1.9.3 --with-gcc=clang
原因未知，安装1.9.2没有问题，估计和xcode有关。
系统：Mac Os X Lion 10.7.2
配置前安装Xcode4.2接下来安装GCC-10.7-v2.pkg剩下就是安装git-1.7.8.2-intel-universal-snow-leopard.dmg。
安装Rvm 安装Ruby 1.9.3po 一切都很顺利。在配置Rails3总是出问题。。。。。。
改一下源吧：参考这里：http://rubyer.me/blog/1194
如果还不行，把错误贴出来，我帮你查查^^
Last login: Sun Jan 8 22:34:51 on ttys001
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ sudo rvm install 1.9.3 #安装Ruby 1.9.3-p0
Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/airhua/.rvm/archives
Extracting yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /Users/airhua/.rvm/src
Configuring yaml in /Users/airhua/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Compiling yaml in /Users/airhua/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4.
Installing yaml to /Users/airhua/.rvm/usr
Installing Ruby from source to: /Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)…
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #fetching
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p0 to /Users/airhua/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p0
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #extracted to /Users/airhua/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p0
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #configuring
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #compiling
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #installing
Retrieving rubygems-1.8.10
Extracting rubygems-1.8.10 …
Removing old Rubygems files…
Installing rubygems-1.8.10 for ruby-1.9.3-p0 …
Installation of rubygems completed successfully.
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake).
ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #importing default gemsets (/Users/airhua/.rvm/gemsets/)
Install of ruby-1.9.3-p0 – #complete
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm -v #显示当前RVM版本
rvm 1.10.1 by Wayne E. Seguin ,
Michal Papis [https://rvm.beginrescueend.com/]
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm –default use 1.9.3-p0 #设置1.9.3为默认版本
Using /Users/airhua/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm list default #查看当前版本设置信息
Default Ruby (for new shells)
ruby-1.9.3-p0 [ x86_64 ]
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm list #列出已安装的Ruby版本
rvm rubies
=* ruby-1.9.3-p0 [ x86_64 ]
# => – current
# =* – current && default
# * – default
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm gemset create rails3 #创建一个名为rails3的gemset
‘rails3′ gemset created (/Users/airhua/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@rails3).
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rvm gemdir #显示所在位置
/Users/airhua/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ gem -v #显示gem当前版本
1.8.10
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ gem sources -l #显示源地址sources
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://ruby.taobao.org/
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ sudo gem update –system #更新当前版本的gem
Updating rubygems-update
Fetching: rubygems-update-1.8.13.gem (100%)
Successfully installed rubygems-update-1.8.13
Installing RubyGems 1.8.13
RubyGems 1.8.13 installed
== 1.8.13 / 2011-12-21
* 1 bug fix:
* Check loaded_specs properly when trying to satisfy a dep
* 2 minor enhancements:
* Remove using #loaded_path? for performance
* Remove Zlib workaround for Windows build.
——————————————————————————
RubyGems installed the following executables:
/Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/gem
RubyGems system software updated
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ gem list #显示gems包
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
bundler (1.0.21 ruby)
rake (0.9.2)
rubygems-update (1.8.13)
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ sudo gem install rails –include-dependencies #安装Rails 3.13 最新版为：3.2.0.rc2
INFO: `gem install -y` is now default and will be removed
INFO: use –ignore-dependencies to install only the gems you list
ERROR: While executing gem … (Gem::DependencyError)
Unable to resolve dependencies: rails requires activesupport (= 3.1.3),
actionpack (= 3.1.3), activerecord (= 3.1.3), activeresource (= 3.1.3),
actionmailer (= 3.1.3), railties (= 3.1.3), bundler (~> 1.0)
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ gem sources -l #换了源地址还是无法安装Rails 我的宽带是长城ADSL
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://ruby.taobao.org/
==============================================================================
接下去就是无限Shift+上 回车 重复 sudo gem install rails –include-dependencies 终于可以连上服务器，继续更新
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ sudo gem install rails 3.1.3 –include-dependencies
INFO: `gem install -y` is now default and will be removed
INFO: use –ignore-dependencies to install only the gems you list
Fetching: multi_json-1.0.4.gem (100%)
Fetching: activesupport-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: builder-3.0.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: i18n-0.6.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: activemodel-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-1.3.6.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-cache-1.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-test-0.6.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-mount-0.8.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: hike-1.2.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: tilt-1.3.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: sprockets-2.0.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: erubis-2.7.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionpack-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: arel-2.2.1.gem (100%)
Fetching: tzinfo-0.3.31.gem (100%)
Fetching: activerecord-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: activeresource-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: mime-types-1.17.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: polyglot-0.3.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: treetop-1.4.10.gem (100%)
Fetching: mail-2.3.0.gem (100%)
Fetching: actionmailer-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: thor-0.14.6.gem (100%)
Fetching: rack-ssl-1.3.2.gem (100%)
Fetching: railties-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Fetching: bundler-1.0.21.gem (100%)
Fetching: rails-3.1.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed multi_json-1.0.4
Successfully installed activesupport-3.1.3
Successfully installed builder-3.0.0
Successfully installed i18n-0.6.0
Successfully installed activemodel-3.1.3
Successfully installed rack-1.3.6
Successfully installed rack-cache-1.1
Successfully installed rack-test-0.6.1
Successfully installed rack-mount-0.8.3
Successfully installed hike-1.2.1
Successfully installed tilt-1.3.3
Successfully installed sprockets-2.0.3
Successfully installed erubis-2.7.0
Successfully installed actionpack-3.1.3
Successfully installed arel-2.2.1
Successfully installed tzinfo-0.3.31
Successfully installed activerecord-3.1.3
Successfully installed activeresource-3.1.3
Successfully installed mime-types-1.17.2
Successfully installed polyglot-0.3.3
Successfully installed treetop-1.4.10
Successfully installed mail-2.3.0
Successfully installed actionmailer-3.1.3
Successfully installed thor-0.14.6
Successfully installed rack-ssl-1.3.2
Successfully installed railties-3.1.3
Successfully installed bundler-1.0.21
Successfully installed rails-3.1.3
ERROR: Could not find a valid gem ’3.1.3′ (>= 0) in any repository ＃未知错误
28 gems installed
Installing ri documentation for multi_json-1.0.4…
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for builder-3.0.0…
unable to convert “\xF1″ from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for README, skipping
unable to convert “\xF1″ from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for README.rdoc, skipping
Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.6.0…
Installing ri documentation for activemodel-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for rack-1.3.6…
Installing ri documentation for rack-cache-1.1…
Installing ri documentation for rack-test-0.6.1…
Installing ri documentation for rack-mount-0.8.3…
Installing ri documentation for hike-1.2.1…
Installing ri documentation for tilt-1.3.3…
Installing ri documentation for sprockets-2.0.3…
Installing ri documentation for erubis-2.7.0…
Installing ri documentation for actionpack-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for arel-2.2.1…
Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-0.3.31…
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for activeresource-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for mime-types-1.17.2…
Installing ri documentation for polyglot-0.3.3…
Installing ri documentation for treetop-1.4.10…
Installing ri documentation for mail-2.3.0…
Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for thor-0.14.6…
Installing ri documentation for rack-ssl-1.3.2…
Installing ri documentation for railties-3.1.3…
Installing ri documentation for bundler-1.0.21…
Installing ri documentation for rails-3.1.3…
file ‘lib’ not found
Installing RDoc documentation for multi_json-1.0.4…
Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for builder-3.0.0…
unable to convert “\xF1″ from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for README, skipping
unable to convert “\xF1″ from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for README.rdoc, skipping
Installing RDoc documentation for i18n-0.6.0…
Installing RDoc documentation for activemodel-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-1.3.6…
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-cache-1.1…
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-test-0.6.1…
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-mount-0.8.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for hike-1.2.1…
Installing RDoc documentation for tilt-1.3.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for sprockets-2.0.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for erubis-2.7.0…
Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for arel-2.2.1…
Installing RDoc documentation for tzinfo-0.3.31…
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for activeresource-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for mime-types-1.17.2…
Installing RDoc documentation for polyglot-0.3.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for treetop-1.4.10…
Installing RDoc documentation for mail-2.3.0…
Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for thor-0.14.6…
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-ssl-1.3.2…
Installing RDoc documentation for railties-3.1.3…
Installing RDoc documentation for bundler-1.0.21…
Installing RDoc documentation for rails-3.1.3…
file ‘lib’ not found
==============================================================================
AirmatoMacBook-Pro:~ airhua$ rails -v #显示安装好的Rails 版本（查看时候显示错误，试一下重新安装Rails 3.1.3）
/Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in `to_specs’: Could not find rails (>= 0) amongst [bundler-1.0.21, bundler-1.0.21, rake-0.9.2, rubygems-update-1.8.13] (Gem::LoadError)
from /Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:in `to_spec’
from /Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb:1202:in `gem’
from /Users/airhua/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/bin/rails:18:in `’
“Installing RDoc documentation for rails-3.1.3…
file ‘lib’ not found”
很可能是G*F*W的问题。再骂一次！
离线安装吧：首先下载gem: http://rubygems.org/gems/rails
然后gem install -l rails-3.1.3gem
如果还缺少其它gem，一个个离线下载后安装。
找到了问题所在，在安装Rails时是不能用sudo。
本人坚持在Windows玩=w=
精神可嘉，Ruby如果不拥抱Windows只能是小众产品，我只是恰好买了Mac
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8032824/cant-install-ruby-under-lion-with-rvm-gcc-issues
yaml只是表相，xcode 4.2移除了 non-LLVM 版本的 GCC，而1.9.3安装时要这个版本的gcc才能编译。安装4.1版本的xcode没有问题
是缺少 yaml 的库
参考这里 http://kingplesk.org/archives/401